2016م - 1444هـ
في هذا الكتاب كل ما تحمله javascript في الإصدار es6 من مميزات وكيفية تنصيب البيئة الخاصة بها على جهازك

ES6 tutorialspoint .



About the Tutorial



ECMAScript (ES) is a scripting language specification standardized by ECMAScript

International. It is used by applications to enable client-side scripting. Languages like

JavaScript, Jscript and ActionScript are governed by this specification.

This tutorial introduces you to ES6 implementation in JavaScript.

Audience

This tutorial has been prepared for JavaScript developers who are keen on knowing the

difference between ECMAScript 5 and ECMAScript 6. It is useful for those who want to

learn the latest developments in the language and implement the same in JavaScript.

Prerequisites

You need to have a basic understanding of JavaScript to make the most of this tutorial.

Disclaimer & Copyright



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Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish

any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent

of the publisher.

We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as

possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.

Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our

website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or

in this tutorial, please notify us at [email protected].

ES6

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Table of Contents

About the Tutorial .................................................................................................................................... i

Audience .................................................................................................................................................. i

Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................................ i

Disclaimer & Copyright ............................................................................................................................. i

Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... ii

1. ES6 − OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................. 1

JavaScript ................................................................................................................................................ 1

2. ES6 − ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................................... 2

Local Environment Setup......................................................................................................................... 2

Installation on Windows ......................................................................................................................... 2

Installation on Mac OS X ......................................................................................................................... 3

Installation on Linux ................................................................................................................................ 4

Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Support .............................................................................. 4

Visual Studio Code .................................................................................................................................. 4

Brackets .................................................................................................................................................. 7

3. ES6 − SYNTAX .................................................................................................................... 10

Whitespace and Line Breaks .................................................................................................................. 11

Comments in JavaScript ........................................................................................................................ 11

Your First JavaScript Code ..................................................................................................................... 12

Executing the Code ................................................................................................................................ 12

Node.js and JS/ES6 ................................................................................................................................ 13

The Strict Mode ..................................................................................................................................... 13

ES6 and Hoisting .................................................................................................................................... 14

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4. ES6 − VARIABLES ............................................................................................................... 15

Type Syntax ........................................................................................................................................... 15

JavaScript and Dynamic Typing ............................................................................................................. 16

JavaScriptVariable Scope ....................................................................................................................... 16

The Let and Block Scope ........................................................................................................................ 17

The const ............................................................................................................................................... 18

ES6 and Variable Hoisting ...................................................................................................................... 18

5. ES6 − OPERATORS ............................................................................................................. 20

Arithmetic Operators ............................................................................................................................ 20

Relational Operators ............................................................................................................................. 22

Logical Operators .................................................................................................................................. 23

Bitwise Operators ................................................................................................................................. 24

Assignment Operators........................................................................................................................... 26

Miscellaneous Operators ...................................................................................................................... 27

Type Operators ..................................................................................................................................... 29

6. ES6 − DECISION MAKING ................................................................................................... 30

The if Statement.................................................................................................................................... 30

The if…else Statement ........................................................................................................................... 32

The else…if Ladder ................................................................................................................................ 33

The switch…case Statement .................................................................................................................. 34

7. ES6 − LOOPS ...................................................................................................................... 38

Definite Loop......................................................................................................................................... 38

Indefinite Loop ...................................................................................................................................... 41

The Loop Control Statements ................................................................................................................ 44

Using Labels to Control the Flow ........................................................................................................... 45

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8. ES6 − FUNCTIONS .............................................................................................................. 49

Classification of Functions ..................................................................................................................... 49

Rest Parameters .................................................................................................................................... 52

Anonymous Function ............................................................................................................................ 52

The Function Constructor ...................................................................................................................... 53

Recursion and JavaScript Functions ....................................................................................................... 54

Lambda Functions ................................................................................................................................. 55

Function Expression and Function Declaration ...................................................................................... 56

Function Hoisting .................................................................................................................................. 57

Immediately Invoked Function Expression ............................................................................................ 57

Generator Functions ............................................................................................................................. 58

9. ES6 − EVENTS .................................................................................................................... 61

Event Handlers ...................................................................................................................................... 61

onclick Event Type ................................................................................................................................. 61

onsubmitEvent Type ............................................................................................................................. 62

onmouseover and onmouseout ............................................................................................................ 63

HTML 5 Standard Events ....................................................................................................................... 63

10. ES6 − COOKIES ................................................................................................................... 70

How It Works?....................................................................................................................................... 70

Storing Cookies ..................................................................................................................................... 70

Reading Cookies .................................................................................................................................... 72

Setting Cookies Expiry Date ................................................................................................................... 73

Deleting a Cookie .................................................................................................................................. 74

11. ES6 − PAGE REDIRECT ........................................................................................................ 76

JavaScript Page Redirection .................................................................................................................. 76

Redirection and Search Engine Optimization ......................................................................................... 77

ES6