2015م - 1444هـ
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The Helminths

A. Introduction

1. Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) - includes the tapeworms & flukes

a. General Characteristics

(1) Multicellular animals characterized by a flat, bilaterally symmetric

body. It is dorsoventrally flattened and is solid (no body cavity).

(2) Hermaphroditic, having both male and female reproductive

organs in the same individual.

(3) Overall size varies greatly, some members are as small as 1mm,

and others may be 20 meters or longer.

(4) The classes Cestoda (tapeworms) and Trematoda (flukes)

contain species parasitic to humans.

b. The Cestodes

(1) Adult worms have a flat, ribbon-like white to yellowish body

consisting of an anterior attachment organ (scolex) and a body

(strobila) consisting of a chain of segments called proglottids.

(2) Scolex - the head. Characterized by the presence of sucking

disks or lateral grooves, and hooks. This is important in

speciation, but seldom recovered.