2017م - 1444هـ
Meta-evaluation is "the evaluation of evaluations - indirectly, the evaluation of evaluators - and represents an ethical as well as a scientific obligation when the welfare of others is involved. It can and should be done in the first place by an evaluator on his or her own work; although the credibility of this is poor, the results are considerable gains in validity...[Because] the results of self-evaluation are notoriously unreliable, however, it is also desirable, wherever cost-justifiable, to use an independent evaluator for the meta-evaluation." (Scriven, 1991, p.228). [Ed. note: Michael Scriven first articulated the concept of meta-evaluation in 1969.)