2014م - 1444هـ
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Very often, in India, a mine planner or a mining engineer faces groundwater

seepage problems, in either in a running mine or in an open mine (whether open pit

or underground). This calls for a thorough in-depth hydrogeological analysis of the

mining area. In doing so, a professional mine hydrogeologist has threefold

responsibilities: (a) to ensure water supply to the mine or colonies or process

plants, (b) to assess the groundwater seepage potential into the mines, and (c) to

assess environmental impact on the surrounding hydrogeological regime.

In this book, various case studies in relation to mine hydrogeological studies

have been discussed. This study is unique because it emphasizes on the physical

impact of mining on the hydrogeological environs, which has been dealt with a

number of Indian case studies. This type of study has not been carried out earlier.

Mine hydrogeology deals with the hydrogeological study of a mine, opencast or

underground, in order to fulfil various requirements of the mine. In doing so, water

well inventory in the area should be conducted and a water table map or an

isopiestic map of the area should be prepared. Hydrogeological investigation needs

to be carried out along with groundwater exploration through well drilling.

Pumping tests of the exploratory well/s need to be carried out in the form of Step

Drawdown Test (SDT) and Aquifer Performance Test (APT). These would help to

determine the discharge, drawdown, and aquifer parameters like T, S, and K.

Depending on the water demand of mines, colonies and process plants and based

on the pumping test data, planning for groundwater development for the area needs

to be proposed.

For assessing groundwater seepage in the mine, mine development planning has

to be understood first. The optimum pit depth and pit limit have to be worked out

or known from the mine planners and aquifer disposition in the mine area needs to

be depicted. Basic objective is to keep the water table below the working bench

level in case of opencast mine, so that mineral or coal can be excavated without

any seepage problem. Therefore, groundwater seepage computation has to be

associated with the mine development planning. An underground mining project is

initiated by driving an incline or adit or by lowering a shaft cutting through the

geological formations. This means puncturing of both unconfined and confined

aquifers which contributes toward groundwater seepage to the mine. Proper

hydrogeological studies are required in such cases.