2016م - 1444هـ
I declare that this thesis, which I submit to RCSI for examination in

consideration of the award of a higher degree Doctor of Medicine is my

own personal effort. Where any of the content presented is the result of

input or data from a related collaborative research programme this is

duly acknowledged in the text such that it is possible to ascertain how

much of the work is my own. I have not already obtained a degree in

RCSI or elsewhere on the basis of this work. Furthermore, I took

reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and, to the best of my

knowledge, does not breach copyright law, and has not been taken from

other sources except where such work has been cited and

acknowledged within the text.